Hello there,
I'm a librarian for the teenagers in Seattle and I read a TON of YA fiction. I also happen to share several of the same favorite grown-up authors as you, so I have a feeling you may enjoy some of my favorite YA books as well. Here are a list of some YA books with strong female protagonists and excellent prose that haven't been mentioned yet (and you can find them all at the Seattle Public Library):
How I Live Now by Meg Rosoff
To get away from her pregnant stepmother in New York City, fifteen-year-old Daisy goes to England to stay with her aunt and cousins, with whom she instantly bonds, but soon war breaks out and rips apart the family while devastating the land.
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/search?t=smart&q=how+i+live+now
Imani All Mine by Connie Rose Porter
Beautifully written, at times heartbreaking, story of an African-American teenage mom growing up in a tough urban neighborhood. The teenage mom, who narrates the book, has an incredibly compelling voice.
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/item/show/2105771030_imani_all_mine
Life As We Knew It by Susan Beth Pfeffer
Through journal entries sixteen-year-old Miranda describes her family's struggle to survive after a meteor hits the moon, causing worldwide tsunamis, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. First in a series
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/search?t=smart&q=life+as+we+knew+it
A Room on Lorelei Street by Mary Pearson
To escape a miserable existence taking care of her alcoholic mother, seventeen-year-old Zoe rents a room from an eccentric woman, but her earnings as a waitress after school are minimal and she must go to extremes to cover expenses.
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/item/show/2530064030_a_room_on_lorelei_street
Annabee mentioned E. Lockhart, who is generally fantastic but has produced a few clunkers. I have to give a special shout-out to The Disreputable History of Frankie Landau-Banks, because it is so so so good. Frankie is a sophomore at a prestigious boarding school whose older boyfriend Matthew is a member of a secret society. When the boys won't let her join, Frankie infiltrates the society and makes it do her bidding. Razor-sharp humor and smarty-pants references to postmodern theory & situationist politics make this a very fun read.
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/search?t=smart&q=disreputable+history+of+frankie+landau-banks
Since you mentioned Lynda Barry & Jason Lutes as two of your favorite authors, I figured you wouldn't be adverse to a few graphic novel suggestions.
Local by Brian Wood (auth.) & Ryan Kelly (ill.) is a graphic novel that follows the life of Megan McKeenan, a young woman who leaves Portland to find herself. There are twelve interconnected stories, each set in a different city. Readers get to watch Megan grow up and figure out who she is and where her true home is over the course of 12 years.
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/item/show/2536947030_local
Aya by Marguerite Abouet (auth) and Clement Oubrerie (ill)
Based on the author's memories of growing up in Cote d'Ivoire in the late 1970s, this light-hearted comic follows the everyday lives and romantic entanglements of Aya, a independent-minded 19 year-old and her friends and family, who live in the working-class neighborhood of Yopougnon in Abidjan, the capitol city. First in a series
http://seattle.bibliocommons.com/item/show/2398345030_aya
If you enjoy fantasy at all, there are several great authors writing wonderful teen fantasy with strong female protagonists. Three authors that come to mind immediately are Tamora Pierce, Kristen Cashore, and Shannon Hale, whose books all feature fierce, resourceful and ethical young female characters. You can't really go wrong with any books by these authors.
I hope you enjoy these titles, and the other great suggestions that other Questionlanders have offered here. Don't forget that librarians at Seattle Public Library are ALWAYS happy to offer more suggestions for good books. Just shoot us an email and we'll get back to you within 24 hours with a list of good books to read.
http://www.spl.org/default.asp?pageID=info_help_ask_email
Cheers, and happy reading!