About Danger

is also my first and last names

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• Comment on Kip Waddle's answer…

  0 0 Ah. Excellent point. I read that too narrowly. Danger commented 3 months ago

• Comment on Kip Waddle's answer…

  0 0 Not exactly. A properly functioning crock pot will, in nearly all cases, cook food safely without pre-cooking the meat. The operating temp should be above 180F or so. As long as it comes up to heat quickly, and for the appropriate amount of time it's fine. However, they sometimes don't or people don't check with a thermometer. Pre-cooking ensures safety. Danger commented 3 months ago

• Comment on pickled ginger's answer…

  1 0 Well, there is almost no literature about crock pots specifically. It really comes down to temperature and the fact that ground meat products tend to have higher and more dispersed bacterial loads. The thing is that there are quite a few variables to take into account when considering the safety of slow cooked foods: initial temperature, initial bacterial load, max temp, time to max temp, volume, type of bacteria, etc, etc. Generally you will be safe with a standard slow cooker recipe, but to ensure safety you need to cook the meat. (On a culinary note, I think pan searing meat can enhance flavor during subsequent cooking. This is just hearsay though...) I have a degree in medical microbiology and a lot of experience in bacterial pathogenesis and ecology. So I base much of this off experience. However, I dug up a few things that may be useful. They are a bit dense though... http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19722409 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22221355 http://bit.ly/zzS0uR http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21535695 Danger commented 3 months ago

• Comment on pickled ginger's answer…

  2 0 Actually you really should. Internal temp for ground beef should be 165, but if you slowly heat it to temp over 10ish hours in a crock pot, it can be risky. It does, however depend on the temperature of your slow cooker. If it is too low, all the bacteria will eventually be killed, but they will have had the chance to grow in a very cozy environment for a very long time. Some Ecoli and the related shigella (and many others) will be mass producing toxins that won't be denatured by the heat. You won't likely get any infection, but shiga-toxin will fuck up your day pretty bad. It can even be fatal. Chicken is less likely to cause distress as the primary infectious agent, salmonella, isn't nearly as toxigenic as beef bacteria. And, as with most whole cuts, the bacteria are on the outside. That said, the number one source of bacterial infections in the summer in the US is from undercooked chicken due to the bacteria campylobacter. bon appetit Danger commented 3 months ago

• Comment on Danger's answer…

  0 0 Haha! Danger commented 4 months ago

• Follow Following 1

  Where can I find a good explanation of what a President Ron Paul's America would actually look like?

  2 0 This. Danger answered in Intl/Ntl News & Politics 4 months ago Answer, comment & read 4 more answers »

• Follow Following 5

  Happy hour, folks!

  0 0 Any update on this? Danger answered in Alcohol 5 months ago Answer, comment & read 4 more answers »

• Follow Following 2 Where can I buy craft distillory liquors? Danger asked in Alcohol 5 months ago by Fnarf & 2 other answers by Ballard Pimp , Andrew Beck…

• Comment on Danger's answer…

  0 0 Oh, and I don't in any way condone drug use nor should this information be used in any way to evade drug tests and so forth and etc. Danger commented 7 months ago

• Follow Following 1

  Carboxy-THC: how much in plasma (ng/ml) typically results in impairment?

  0 0 There are a lot of questions here. First of all, -COOH is chemical shorthand for a carboxyl group, so yes, they are the same thing. As for the amount of THC and THC-COOH in chronic users and the rate at which detection declines see these graphs:   1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3159863/figure/F2/ 2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2784185/figure/F1/ The first shows the decline of THC levels in patient plasma during a 7 day abstinence.The second a larger sample group under similar conditions. The important thing to understand is that THC-COOH is the byproduct of THC metabolism in the body after release from tissues. This ratio of THC/THC-COOH can be used as a measure of the rate at which THC is removed from the blood. As for what levels will result in impairment, that is a complicated question. First you have to define impairment, then take in to account the fact that everyone has a different physiology (body size, metabolism, whether or not you are accustomed to cannabinoids) and finally that this sort of question isn't easy to study. It isn't scientifically ethical to tell people to light up and then see how well they drive for instance. Here is one paper I found that gives an idea of limits(3): "Limited epidemiological studies indicate that serum concentrations of THC below 10 ng/ml are not associated with an elevated accident risk. A comparison of meta-analyses of experimental studies on the impairment of driving-relevant skills by alcohol or cannabis suggests that a THC concentration in the serum of 7-10 ng/ml is correlated with an impairment comparable to that caused by a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.05%." You're final question about how long it takes for THC to be detectable is really going to depend on the same physiology variables I mentioned above. It also depends HEAVILY on how much you smoke and I can't quickly find much information on it. I did, however, find a study where the injected a pig with massive amount of THC and looked at how it was distributed throughout the body(4). Crazy.   1) Implications of plasma Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-hydroxy-THC, and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC concentrations in chronic cannabis smokers. Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Herning RI, Cadet JL, Huestis MA. J Anal Toxicol. 2009 Oct;33(8):469-77. 2) Do Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations indicate recent use in chronic cannabis users? Karschner EL, Schwilke EW, Lowe RH, Darwin WD, Pope HG, Herning R, Cadet JL, Huestis MA. Addiction. 2009 Dec;104(12):2041-8. Epub 2009 Oct 5. 3) A study investigating the acute dose-response effects of 13 mg and 17 mg Delta 9- tetrahydrocannabinol on cognitive-motor skills, subjective and autonomic measures in regular users of marijuana. Weinstein A, Brickner O, Lerman H, Greemland M, Bloch M, Lester H, Chisin R, Sarne Y, Mechoulam R, Bar-Hamburger R, Freedman N, Even-Sapir E. J Psychopharmacol. 2008 Jun;22(4):441-51. 4) Postmortem redistribution of THC in the pig. Brunet B, Hauet T, Hébrard W, Papet Y, Mauco G, Mura P. Int J Legal Med. 2010 Nov;124(6):543-9. Epub 2010 Jan 7.   ps. Please forgive spelling/grammar errors. I'm writing this on the quick. pps. "J Anal Toxicol" heh. Danger answered in Science & Math 7 months ago Answer and comment »

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